Contribution of Mobile Communication Technologies on Members Enrollment to Health Insurance in Tanzanian's Informal Sectors

Abstract

This study assesses the contribution of mobile communication technologies on members’ enrolment in health insurance in Tanzania’s informal sector. The target population consists of small-scale entrepreneurs at the NHIF Kinondoni Regional Office from five wards. A descriptive case study approach was employed. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were utilised, with simple random sampling used to select the five wards in Kinondoni Municipality. Purposive sampling was applied to select a participant sample of 12 NHIF officers, who guided the researcher in identifying small-scale entrepreneur members of HIB for the study. Data collection tools included in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions, key informant interviews, documentary reviews, and questionnaires featuring both closed and open-ended questions. The data was reviewed, cleaned, and coded to minimise errors and facilitate easy entry and analysis. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 was used to organise the data and conduct statistical analyses. The study findings revealed that member enrolment is significantly affected by the low skills of small-scale entrepreneurs in using mobile phone communication technology for HIB enrolment. Additionally, the premium price rates are not aligned with the economic status of small-scale entrepreneurs. The benefits package designed for health insurance bundles is also a factor contributing to low coverage, as it is not comprehensive enough to meet the needs of members. The study recommends that decision-makers modify NHIF policies by reviewing mobile communication technology (MCT) and marketing strategies to accommodate those with limited or no education regarding mobile app usage. Communication campaigns should be conducted to raise awareness and knowledge about health insurance bundles. Furthermore, it is essential to review premium pricing and enhance the benefits package tailored for HIB to attract more small-scale entrepreneurs in the informal sector to enrol in NHIF. In conclusion, the need for mobile phone communication technology in NHIF member enrollment in Tanzania’s informal sector has been confirmed, although manual operations remain predominant. The Fund should make greater efforts to implement modern mobile phone communication technology strategies to improve the quality of service for its members.